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Martin Luther Argumentative Essay - 1370 Words

Reshaping Reality Rotten. Exploitive. Faithless. The Roman Catholic church was seen as corrupt in the late fifteenth century.The populace struggled with the brazen capitalistic Roman Papacy that didnt meet the needs of its congregation. The clergy’s use of indulgences as a way to salvation lacked the piety that disciples desired. Criticism of Catholicism did not cause sweeping changes in the sixteenth century; instead, the Protestant Reformation occurred due to the confluence of events triggered by one priest, Martin Luther. (Schilling) Although some historians allege that Martin Luther’s theology was reactionary due to its roots in medieval Christianity, his beliefs that the hierarchy of the church was unnecessary and that salvation was†¦show more content†¦This fundamental difference from the Catholic dogma that one could buy salvation to Luther’s new ideas as way to Heaven began to transform many people’s beliefs. Supporters of Luther adopted the concept of fait h and knowledge of God as a way to repent their sins, and eventually, it reshaped the Christian culture. As Luther personally struggled to be a â€Å"perfect† monk, he discovered that faith in the gospel was the only way to be â€Å"made righteous by God†(roper 78). In response to his distress for his laity’s desire to buy indulgences, Luther wrote the â€Å"95 Theses on the Power of Indulgences.† He knew he was attacking the pope and the values of the church, but records show that he felt â€Å"...not fully in control of his actions, but handed over responsibility to a higher power†(84 roper). Cleary, Luther felt a spiritual connection with God and indulgences were in direct opposition to faith. His revolutionary claims in the â€Å"95 Theses on the Power of Indulgences† caused a conflict that would eventually be known as the Protestant Reformation. At the time Luther wrote the â€Å"95 Theses on the Power of Indulgences† he presumed that reforms could still be made by the Pope and the churchs hierarchy; however, after Luther received the papal bull excommunicating him, Luther’s ideology became diametrically opposed to the pope and the whole Roman Catholic structure (shilling 142). This break was a defining timeShow MoreRelatedArgumentative Essay On Martin Luther King815 Words   |  4 Pagesobstacles which led up to this. They suffered in different ways, additionally, some of them got killed. When Martin Luther King, the leader, stood up for what he believed in with a group of black people right behind him, he was put in jail and got severely bruised. King did not stop fighting for these rights and equalities and even through thick and thin, he still was determined. Martin Luther King was a black individual who wanted to end segregation and racism to have equality, and though he succeededRead MoreLetter From Birm ingham Jail Analysis1172 Words   |  5 Pageshear the name Martin Luther King Jr., the first thing that comes to mind is probably racism against African Americans. He is famous for his wisdom and persuasive speeches against segregation of African Americans. This statement holds strongly true because today diverse races are integrated all over the united states. For what ever reason, Martin has been an inspiration to many African Americans. He accomplished his success mostly through speeches, but also through his written essays. Although, hisRead MoreIf We Must Die By Claude Mckay1161 Words   |  5 Pagesdream,† by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr (published; 8/28/1963, genre; narrative and argumentative), â€Å"If we must die,† by Claude Mckay (published; 1919, genre; narrative and lyric), â€Å"Harrison Bergeron,† by Kurt Vonnegut Jr. (published; October 1961, genre; satirical dystopian science-fiction short story). In all 3 texts the authors are giving their tou ch on equality. Equality can convey being treated the same when a colored and a white man/woman are next to each other as Dr. Martin Luther King Jr saysRead MoreMartin Luther, And His Concept Of Christianity1644 Words   |  7 Pagesis an essay about Martin Luther, and his concept of Christianity. As a student and a unbiased Christian, I enjoy studying all types of religions, and elements that encompass them. Luther began his religious career as an Augustinian Monk in the Roman Catholic Church. So, Luther was initially loyal to the papacy, and even after many theological conflicts, he attempted to bring about his understanding with the Church. But this was a contradiction not to suffer because in his later years, Luther wagedRead MoreWhy Kings Letter from a Birmingham Jail Resounds throughout American History?926 Words   |  4 PagesStanding the Test of Time: Why Kings Letter from Birmingham Jail Resounds Throughout American History Dr. Martin Luther Kings Letter from Birmingham Jail is a direct response to A Call for Unity, a letter penned by eight Alabama clergymen including one rabbi. In A Call for Unity, the eight clergymen decry the peaceful protests organized by Dr. King and his fellow civil rights activists. The clergymen claim that the protests are unwise and untimely. In his response written from jail,Read MoreSelf-Reflective Paper 838 Words   |  3 Pages20 pages in this course after turning in this paper, and not including citation pages. In paper 1 I was able to write 4 and a half pages and that was due to my interest in the topic, arguing about the significance of paragraphs 14 and 15 of Martin Luther King Jr’s Letter from Birmingham Jail. For paper 2, which was choosing a topic of choice to argue about, it was easier to write more due to the fact that arguing the topic was so engaging to me. My topic was whether or not congress should allowRead MoreLetter From Birmingham Jail Essay Essay1451 Words   |  6 PagesZhuo Liu Lauren Sassenoff English 1P-5 25 September 2016 Letter from Birmingham Jail Essay In 1963 Martin Luther King Jr. wrote a letter while incarcerated in Birmingham jail to eight clergymen in response to their letter known as â€Å"A Call for Unity.†Ã‚  The letter asked for the stop of direct action type protest in Birmingham, Alabama that Martin Luther King was leading.   The letter has become known as one of the greatest works of argument in American history. 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This curiosity has fueled, our evolution, our development to the beings that we are now. It has spawned the thoughts of morality and justice that caused the subject of this essay, civil disobedience

What Should Coca Cola Have Done Free Essays

What should have occurred? What should occur in future situations? It would be a logical inference to suggest that Coca-Cola’s decision to change its formula and market â€Å"New Coke† to the American population was nothing short of a complete failure. â€Å"On 23 April 1985 New Coke was introduced and a few days later the production of original Coke was stopped. This joint decision has since been referred to as ‘the biggest marketing blunder of all time’† (Bhasin, 2010). We will write a custom essay sample on What Should Coca Cola Have Done? or any similar topic only for you Order Now But to completely dismiss the fact that Coca-Cola was losing market share to Pepsi-Cola, as well as other products that they themselves were producing (Diet Coke), would not fairly give justice to the decisions behind Coca-Cola’s marketing blunder. Coca-Cola was in a dilemma. They were going through an identity crisis, and that crisis seemed to lead them to make their one major costly decision. That crisis was quite simple. Coca-Cola had forgotten who they were and grasping for market share, instead of focusing on branding lead them in an ominous direction. In order to avoid an identity crisis, Coca-Cola should have understood that â€Å"a brand is far more than just a logo. Instead, it’s comprised of a complete set of attributes and tools, or â€Å"identity elements,† that give the brand a unique identity† (Forward). The simple fact is that all the time, money, and skill poured into consumer research on the new Coca-Cola could not measure or reveal the deep and abiding emotional attachment to the original Coca-Cola, felt by so many people. The passion for original Coca-Cola was something that caught executives at Coca-Cola by surprise. It was a mystery, an American enigma, and one cannot measure it any more than one can measure love, pride, or patriotism (Bhasin, 2010). Of all of the consumer research and data analyzing Coca-Cola and its executives claim to have performed, it’s a mystery that they forgot one simple rule; ask your customers first! â€Å"Sam Craig, professor of marketing and international business at the Stern School of Business at New York University, pointed to what he and other industry observers have long considered a fatal mistake on Coca-Cola’s part. â€Å"They didn’t ask the critical question of Coke users: Do you want a new Coke? By failing to ask that critical question, they had to backpedal very quickly† (Ross, 2005). Coca-cola should have concentrated on the brands perception. â€Å"Marketing is a battle of perceptions, not products† (Bhasin, 2010). If Coca-Cola had concentrated on brand perception and less on trying to clone or compete with another company’s product, they would have never made the fatal mistake. What Coca-cola learned was to not be afraid to make a mistake. Yet, most importantly they learned to admit those mistakes and not be afraid to â€Å"make a u-turn†. Through the brand failure of New Coke loyalty to ‘the real thing’ intensified. Coca-Cola assimilated that â€Å"by going back on its decision to scrap original Coke, the company ended up creating an even stronger bond between the product and the consumer† (Bhasin, 2010). Consumers began realizing that coke was more than a drink. It was an experience – an enigma. The question then arises: Coca-Cola has recently decided, along with Pepsi-Cola, to change its recipe in order to avoid putting a cancer warning on their cans. Will Coca-Cola have learned anything from â€Å"the biggest marketing blunder of all time†? Bhasin, H. (2010, January 1). Coca Cola Brand Failure. Retrieved April 2012, 26, from Marketing91: http://www. marketing91. com/coca-cola-brand-failure/ Forward, J. (n. d. ). How to Build Your Brand and Avoid an Identity Crisis. Retrieved April 26, 2012, from Beneath The Brand: http://www. talentzoo. com/beneath-the-brand/blog_news. php? articleID=8478 Ross, M. E. (2005, April 22). It seemed like a good idea at the time . Retrieved April 26, 2012, from MSNBC: http://www. msnbc. msn. com/id/7209828/ns/us_news/t/it-seemed-good-idea-time/#. T5mkCuweSSA How to cite What Should Coca Cola Have Done?, Papers

Scared or Greedy free essay sample

Those Africans who participated in the Atlantic slave trade did so under many different influences and motivations. The reasons to partake in the slave trade differed from the particular class, culture, and geographic region of the African traders. Because the African continent is such a large and diverse area one can see how varied these prerogatives may be.Yet, it is a historical fact that African traders contributed to the Atlantic slave trade, at the very least, for their own protection from European firepower, and at the worst-?for personal power and purely economic gains. Yet, it is not a question of either-or between the aforementioned reasons for involvement in the slave trade-?but where most African traders fell concerning the two levels of engagement. Although the research backing this paper is limited to only three resources and the first five weeks of a Development of Modern Africa class, one must argue that mostAfrican traders captured and sold fellow Africans to the Europeans for personal power and a share of the profits from the lucrative slave trade. We will write a custom essay sample on Scared or Greedy or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Before determining the angle held by African traders, it is pertinent to address related background information before the Atlantic slave trade, to give the argument context. Long before millions of slaves were shipped across the Atlantic Ocean to work the plantations of the United States, sub Sahara African traders enslaved between five and seven thousand other Africans annually, and sold them to Northern Africans and Arabs in what was now as the Trans-Sahara slave trade (Gilbert/Reynolds 186-7).Also, African elite owned slaves as luxury items with no significant economic dependence on their labor (Gilbert/Reynolds 142). However, according to historian John Thornton, the acquisition of slaves in Africa during the 9th century, was to account for the scarce labor and the abundant land capable of harboring vital crops; if only planted (Gilbert/Reynolds 143). So even before Africans saw the potential threat of European firearms (or any firearms), they participated in selling other Afri cans as property.It is also important to note that once Europeans made contact with sub Sahara Africans, their relationship remained on peaceful terms before the Atlantic Slave trade; so no violent coercion from Europeans influenced African traders to sell slaves (Gilbert/Reynolds 151). The prospect that African traders sold fellow Africans may seem like a heinous occurrence but the contemporary pan-African viewpoint was not shared by Africans during that time period. There was as yet little or no idea obeying African. Rather, inhabitants of Africa identified themselves in arms of local, ethnic, political, or religious groups and saw themselves as more or less distinct from other African populations-?just as European ethnic and national groups were more than capable of defining themselves as distinct from other white or European populations (Gilbert/Reynolds 184). Yet there is still considerable evidence that European firepower instilled fear and perpetuated some unwilling African participation in the slave trade. European trading castles on the Gold Coast were heavily armed and fortified, suggesting their use as an intimidating factor to ensure the involvement of African traders in the slave trade (Gilbert/Reynolds 184). Some historians are convinced of this explanation; among them, accomplished professor and scholar of African history, Lansing Saba. Saba argues that regional African rulers had to comply with gun-toting, slave hungry, Europeans because Africans could not face the onslaught of advanced Western weaponry (Saba 8-9). This would be a more substantial argument fifth African people hadnt been able to prove it wrong.In one particular case, the Ga people overtook a Portuguese castle at Sacra in 1578 (Gilbert/Reynolds 185). If anything, Europeans were Wary of traveling into the African mainland because the African people held an innate advantage over the visiting traders-?their immunity to local diseases. Many Europeans brave enough to venture into Africa died of malaria and yellow fev er (Gilbert/Reynolds 185). So if most of the Africans, who took part in the slave trade, did so on their own accord, what prompted them to do so? Well, the slave trade industry an extremely profitable business.Many slave traders were able to name their price when bargaining with European buyers. Slaves were traded for a variety of things including: cowries, textiles, rum, and guns (Gilbert/Reynolds 187). African elites not only made trades based on economic gain, trades could also be used politically. For example, the Boas of Benign typically stayed out of the slave trade unless they held captive prisoners or enemies Of whom they wanted to dispose of permanently (Gilbert/Reynolds 188). In The Two Princes of Calabash, a similar situation takes place.Little Ephraim Robin John and Anaconda Robin Robin John worked as slave traders in Calabash. They were attacked and made slaves because of the harsh competition they created between a rival slave trading town (Sparks 21 The trading with Europeans brought many valuable items to Africa but one of these foreign imports may have changed previous African traders minds concerning the slave trade. The African traders often gained firearms from the European buyers. Guns in the hands of Africans on a continent where everyone still used spears meant immense power.Those who didnt have guns feared those who did. Some Africans realized the only way to have security would be to own a gun of their own; to do this, they had to bargain for guns with people (Gilbert/Reynolds 189). It has been well established that the incentives surrounding most African traders who took part in the slave business did so out their own personal interest. Yet were these traders aware of the unimaginable suffering that awaited their human goods? Further, if they had been aware, did they abandon their lifestyle f or more ethical ways of self sustained?Saba writes, Unlike the investors, the insurers, the shipbuilders, the dealers, and especially the mariners from abroad, the local African providers had little knowledge of the whole Atlantic system (8). This may true, yet there is an abundance of evidence supporting the fact that African slave traders were very aware of the conditions endured during the middle passage. The better question is, why would this information change the minds of the traders who voluntarily took part in a legitimate and common business venture at the time? It would not. A prime example can be found in The Two Princes of Calabash.Sparks writes how Little Ephraim and Anaconda John finally reach their homeland of Calabash after experiencing seven years as slaves abroad, only for Little Ephraim to continue his previous lifestyle as a slave trader because of the businesss economic importance to Old Town (133-34). Other former slaves escaped or were set free to broadcast their dark experiences to the world with similar results. Overall, according to the sources which helped form this paper, it can be concluded that most African traders who took part in the Atlantic slave trade did so knowing the effects of their actions and for their own personal greed.